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Rev. Brown's 1913 Gettysburg Scrapbook ECML Home History Home Historic Digital Archive What We Offer Plan a Visit |
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First Page
Pages 2-3 Statistics, Federal Confederate, and Total Casualties of the Battle with a list of Losses by States and Points on the Field where the Principal Fighting Occurred in the order of Its Severity [Note all of this appears clipped from a book or program] North Carolina had 3286 killed and wounded and 718 missing
Pages 4-5
First Day’s Battle The battle opened at seven a.m. July 1 when Archer’s Bridgade of Heth’s Division of Hill’s Corps, coming down the Chamberburg Pike from the northwest encountered Buford’s Cavalry two miles from the city. Archer crossed Willowsby’s Run and advanced through the woods to the right of the road. General Reynolds came up about 9 am and the Wisconsin brigade of Meredith attacked Archer in McPherson’s woods and captured him and 75 of his men. Davis’ Miss. Brigade advanced to the left of the road along the railroad cut, in which 300 of its men were captured. At 10 a.m. Gen. Reynolds at the edge of McPherson’s Woods was shot through the head and killed by a sharpshooter of Archer’s Tenn. Brigade. The whole of the federal first corps reached the field by 2 p.m. and was extended to the right and Hill’s whole corps coming up was pushed forward towards Seminary Ridge. Rode’s division of Ewell’s Corp came up at this hour down the Carlisle Road and down Mammasburg Road came Daniel’s Iverson’s and Ramseur’s NC brigades and Dole’s Georgians and O’Neal’s Ala. Brigade. The Federal 11th corps came down the Emmitsburg Road and was aligned along the extreme right of the federal line. Soon down the Harrisburg Road came Early’s four Brigades --Hay’s La., Smiths Va., Avery’s NC, and Gordon’s Georgians—and attacked the left of the 11th and the 1st corps on the Mummasburg Road. At four p.m. the entire confederate line advanced sweeping everything before them. The whole Federal line broke in panic from Seminary Ridge round to the Harrisburg Road, and fell back in wild confusion through the city to Cemetery Hill and Ridge beyond the city, pursued by the victorious Confederates. 20 guns and thousands of prisoners were captured. Gordon’s Brigade was pressing on to take E. Cemetery Hill, and had it done so, the battle of Gettysburg would have ended there with a Confederate victory, but he was recalled. No further move was made by either army till 3 p.m. next day. Gen. Lee reached the field just as the pursuit of the Federals ceded and commanded Gen. Ewell to press on if he thought best, but Ewell decided not to do so. But he could have occupied Culp’s Hill without opposition, certainly, and his failure to do was a lost opportunity which virtually decided the fate of the Confederacy even if it was not best to attack E. Cemetery Hill, as some still contend.
Page 5 captions: 2 Willoughby Run where Archer’s Brigade Crossed of 7 a.m. 3 McPherson’s Barn and guns of Cuttler’s NY Battery that fired first shot of battle. 500 federals were killed in and around this barn. Pages 6 & 7 are
all photos 2. Where Gen. Archer’s was captured Archer’s Brigade 13 Ala. 5 Ala. Battalion. 1 Tenn. 7 Tenn. 14 Tenn. 3. Gen. Reynold’s Statue on Chambersburg pike 4. Old John Ball, 140 Penn. Battlefield Guide at this home on Chambersburg Road 5. RR Cut where Davis Brigade captured 147 NY and was in turn partly captured. 6. Where Davis Bridgade entered Battle near RR Cut 7. C.F. Connelly of 55 NC and his brother CFC is showing tree behind which he fought, about 75 yards from rr. Cut. It has a solid shot in trunk.
Pages 8 & 9 2. Lutheran Church as the routed Federals were pursued along this street, a Presbyterian preacher, ran up there slips and was killed by a confederate just as he reached the church door. 3. Old Federal Veterans at the place where they were captured. Germans of Schimmellfptennings Brigade. 4. Old John Ball’s Granddaughter Chambersburg Pike 5. Gen. Lee’s Headquarters Chambersburg Pike 6. Iverson’s Brigade Marker in Forney Field near Mummasburg Road where three regiments were cut to pieces.
Pages 10-11 2. RR near where Mr. Felton’s of 4th NC captured Yankees. He captured 32 Yankees by himself alone in this rr cut July 1 5 p.m. 3. Marker of Daniel’s Brigade near Chambersburg Pike. 4. Marker of Scales Brigade near Mummasburg Road 5. Marker of O’Neal’s Ala Brigade near Carlisle Road
Pages 12-13 The Federal line now extended from Culp’s Hill on the right to Devil’s Den on the left, along the elevation called Cemetery Ridge. Longstreet having come up with part of his corps during the night of the first was ordered to attack early next day, but did not till 3:30 p.m. Lee’s plan was a simultaneous attack “in echelon” all along the line, but his line being over six miles long, it was impossible to obtain unity of action. Sickles advanced his brigade to the Emmitsburg Road with advanced angle at Peach Orchard. The battle began with advance of Law’s Ala. Brigade of Hood’s Division on Little Round Top on the extreme right. Gen. Warren saw the importance of this position and had it occupied by 140 NY and Vincent’s Vermont Brigade 10 minutes before Confederates reached the top and Hood’s attack was repulsed on their left, the Texas Brigade took Devil’s Den and captured three guns. The attack on Sickles line at the Peach Orchard by Kershaw’s SC Brigade Benning’s Ga. Anderson’s Ga., Semmes Ga, Woffords’ Ga. Burkdales’ Miss, and Wilcox Ala. Finally drove back the Federal line across the wheat field nearly a mile to the position straight from cemetery ridge to Round Top. Perry’s Florida and Wrights G. charged from the Emmitsburg Road to the Federal past position, but bring un supported fell back. No advance was made by troops of Perder Division to their left. Gen. Pender being shot just as he was ordering an advance Just at dusk. Hay’s La. And Hoke’s NC of Early’s division attacked E. Cemetery Hill and captured the guns upon it, but being unsupported fell back to the town. After dark Jonson’ Division attacked Culps Hill Stewart’s Brigade occupying a part of the Federal line. Skirmishers went entirely to the Federal reserves artillery and wagon train on the Baltimore Pike, but in the darkness did not appreciate the opportunity within their grasp. At no time did the Confederate attack become simultaneous at any two points and Federal reinforcements were moved easily to any point to meet an attack. At different times, Wilcox Barksdale, Wright, Hays and Hoke, and Johnson’s Division of their respective points of attack took the Federal line, capturing many guns, which they each time were obliged to abandon for lack of support. Gen. Barksdale, Pender, Avery, Semmes, were killed, and Gen. Hood, Hill, Anderson, Posey, and Fry were wounded. Gens. Cross, Zook, Willard, Weed, Vincent Merwin, Hazlett were killed, and Gen. Sickles lost his leg.
Page 13
Page 14
Federal Breastworks on Little Round Top about halfway up the slope. Page 15 O’Rorke’s 140 New York men at their regiment’s monument on Little Round top.
Page 16 Marker of Kershaw’s SC Brigade to the right of the wheat field.
Page 17 Confederate Veterans at the Loop in rear of Wheat field Wofford’s Georgians Page 18 Field in front of Cemetery Ridge where Gen. Pender was wounded while preparing for advance of his division. Page 19 Marker of Hoke’s NC brigade at point from which they advanced in E. Cemetery Hill Gen. Avery was killed after Brigade took Urichart’s Battery on crest of hill. Page 20 Gun of Weichart’s Battery on E. Cemetery Hill, captured by Hoke’s NC brigade under Avery. Page 21 Veteran of Louisiana by one of Ricket’’s guns July 2, 1913. Page 22 Page 23 Veteran of 23 Virginia, Steurt’s brigade on Culp’s Hill July 2, 1913. Page 24 Page 25 (caption
is written but photo is missing) Spangler’ s spring, foot of Culp’s Hill good and cold water used by both sides during Battle. Page 26 Page 27 Contraband of War one of these Negroes said he belonged to man in Norfolk and the other to one in Wayne Co. both ran away to enlist in the Federal army They now live now in Philadelphia. Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 At daybreak the Federals made a determined attack on the line held by Steurts Brigade in Culp’s Hill and finally about noon Johnson withdrew all his division to the line of Rock Creek. The position was then this: The confederate had failed to gain a single point of the federal line as taken up during the night of July 1 extending from Culp’s Hill to Round Top. The desperate fighting which drove Sickles back from the Peach orchard and wheat field merely restored the original Federal line, and made it stronger and shorter. All Lee’s efforts to gain a foothold on Round Top Cemetery Ridge, E. Cemetery Hill and Culp’s Hill had failed. The whole 12th corps of the federal army had not even been engaged. But on the other hand, the Federals had lost more than the confederates they had been badly defeated one day and a large portion of their line driven more than a mile the next day and their morale was necessarily shaken. Besides this, Gen.Pickett’s division of Longstreet’s corps 4000 men, had not been engaged. Gen. Longstreet proposes to Gen. Lee to withdraw from “ this Hell hole” as he called it, March around the Federal left between him and Washington, and force him to attack on more favorable ground. Gen. Lee however, thought that it would be possible for him to crush the Federal center on Cemetery Ridge so at 2 P M he began a terrific artillery fire on that point and continued it for two hours Then he ordered forward Pickett’s and Heth’s Division to charge the lines making for the umbrella shaped clump of trees. Meade anticipated this attack and massed men and guns at the threatened point sufficient resisted a much stronger force than the one Lee launched against his. The charge was made by Kemper;s Garnet’s and Armistead’s Brigade of Pickett’s division Archer’s Davis’ Pettigrew’s and Brockenbrough’s brigade of Heth’s division. Now under Pettigrew as Heths was wounded July 1and Lane’s and Scales Brigades of Pender’s Division. The movement had no chance of success. Some hundred’s of Armistead Brigade passed over the stone wall behind Gen. Armistead who was killed near Cushing’s Battery. Stannards’ Iron Brigade wheeled and took Pickett in the flank. Some of Pettigrew’s men passed the angle of the wall and reached the other wall some distance further back. The other troops in the movement either fell back or surrendered. This closed the battle for a useless charge of Farnsworth cavalry on Law’s Alabamians at the foot of Round Top in which all his men were captured and Farnsworth committed suicide. Page 31 Page 32 Marker of Archer’s Tenn Brigade on Seminary Ridge on point from whence it advanced in famous charge Judge Jus A Fite, of Lebanon Tenn, Major of 7 Tenn. Regiment was wounded and captured at the stone wall. He went through the Holy Land past year with me aged 82. Page 33 Federal Cannon on Cemetery Ridge. Page 34 Angle of the Stone Wall passed by Pettigrew’s men. Page 35 Federal Veterans at Gen. Armistead’s monument July 2, 1913. Page 36 Federal and Confederate veterans at High Water Mark Page 37 Confederate Veterans at monument. Page 38 A Va. Confederate telling Yankees how it happened. Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 US monument Regulars Cemetery Ridge Page 42 The US Government and the State of Pennsylvania invited all veterans of the Union and Confederate armies to meet on the Field of Gettysburg on the Fiftieth anniversary of the Battle. Eight thousand tents were pitched in the valley between cemetery and seminary ridges and preparations made to care for all necessary wants of 40,000 men. US Army cooks were ready for duty cots, blankets, cups, plates, spoons, knives and forks wash basins and lanterns were issued from the US Commissary and hydrants flowing ice water were placed at convenient intervals through the camp. Quite 40,000 veterans duly met, and participated in an event more remarkable than the battle they commemorated for great battles have often happened but such a celebration never happened before in the world. Page 43 S.S. Nash and J.A, Whitely 55th NC Davis brigade J.A. Whitely now of Bethel NC put his hand on the stone wall beyond the angle these going further into the enemy’s territory than other men at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Page 44 Several pages of photos with no captions. Page 48 (picture gone) Mr. S.S. Nash 27th NC Reg. Dr. B. Waddell 15th Ala.
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©2005 Edgecombe County Memorial Library 909 Main Street, Tarboro, NC 27886 Phone: (252) 823-1141 |
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Last Updated 01/18/08 |
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